Stand Upright or Grovel?

By David Binder
It took Germany and the Germans at least half a century — two generations — to overcome the international opprobrium it acquired during the dozen years of Nazi rule. For Fascist Italy , Imperial Japan and Stalinist Russia the durations of infamy were shorter for a variety of reasons. But in all these cases a residue of disgust remains among survivors and relatives of the concentration camps, gulags and other scenes of brutality and repression even into the new millennium.
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