
The original of this article was published in Norway, with an entry in Norwegian,
here.
By Clemens Heni, Ph.D.The failure of German Middle Eastern Studies becomes crystal clear when we look at an event at the 2010 international literature festival in Berlin. On September 16 there will be a presentation focusing on scholarly works about Yusuf al-Qaradawi, probably the most influential and best known Islamist worldwide, particularly in the Sunni world. The Qatar-based ideologist is called the “Global Mufti”. This is, as it happens, the title of one of the books being presented at the event.
Global Mufti, which appeared last year, is edited by the German scholar Dr. Bettina Gräf and the Danish scholar Prof. Dr. Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen. Gräf works at the Center for the Modern Orient in Berlin; Skovgaard-Petersen is a professor at the University of Copenhagen. They are thrilled that Qaradawi is a media star in the Muslim world, thanks in part to his online fatwas, which were the topic of Gräf’s Ph.D. dissertation. (That dissertation will also be presented at the event.)
They know everything about Qaradawi, for example about his relationship to Al-Azhar University in Egypt, his close ties to the Muslim Brotherhood, and his efforts to Islamize Europe. But they have no problem with Qaradawi. They like him. Gräf even met with Qaradawi in person in Qatar. Gräf, who examines Qaradawi’s concept of being “centristic” (“wasatiyya”), considers Qaradawi a “moderate.”
Gräf and Skovgaard-Petersen say that their “book is not intended to be a defense of, or an attack on, Yusuf al-Qaradawi.” Yet those who have learned the lessons of the Holocaust know that it is necessary to criticize anti-Semites. When it comes to anti-Semitism, you can’t take a neutral position. Anti-Semitism and Islamism are tremendously important issues in our world today and silence is the wrong way to deal with them. Worse, silence most often is a way of conveying support.
For example, Barbara Freyer Stowasser, Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at Georgetown University, endorses Qaradawi in Global Mufti because he allows women to kill Jews without asking their parents’ or husband’s permission. Women are even allowed to commit such crimes unveiled! Stowasser portrays these crimes as acts of “defensive jihad” against Israel. For Stowasser, Qaradawi’s fatwa on women and suicide bombing is a sign of “true gender equality.”
Gudrun Krämer, head of the Institute for Islamic Studies at the Free University of Berlin, will also take part in the event at the literature festival. She wrote a foreword to Global Mufti, and as early as 2006 described Qaradawi in an article as a “representative of moderate Islam.” She portrays him as someone who “does not invite or condone violence against others, be they Muslim or non-Muslim (the exceptions are foreign occupation, colonialism, Zionism and Israel)”.
Although Qaradawi is well known for calling for suicide bombing against Jews and Israeli, as well as for his condemnation of fatwas that criticized acts of suicide bombing such as one that took place in 2001 in Israel, Krämer insists that Qaradawi, while supporting violence against “Zionists,” does not “invit[e]” violence.
Krämer is also the author of a long German monograph, published in 2002, which describes the “Palestinian” Izz ad-Din al-Qassam as a martyr. Qassam was killed by the British in 1935 after he had murdered a Jew in the British Mandate. Today Hamas names its missiles after him – the unfamous “Qassam rockets.” Krämer is not disturbed by this, although German historians Martin Cüppers and Michael Mallmann criticized her harshly for her position in 2006.
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